What are "data layers" in GIS?

Data layers in GIS refer to separate datasets that represent different types of information, which can be overlaid for analysis. This concept is fundamental to the functioning of Geographic Information Systems, allowing users to visualize and analyze spatial relationships between different data types. For instance, one layer could represent roads, another could represent land use, and yet another could depict elevation. By integrating these layers, analysts can derive insights that display how these various elements interact spatially, enabling complex analyses like identifying suitable locations for new developments or studying environmental impacts.

The ability to overlay multiple data layers is a key strength of GIS, as it provides a comprehensive view that is simply not possible with a singular dataset. Each layer maintains its own attributes and characteristics, which enhances analytical capabilities and facilitates more informed decision-making based on the relationships and patterns observed among the layers.