Which numeric value type has a range from -2 147 483 648 to 2 147 483 647?

The correct choice is a long integer, which has a range from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. This range is due to the storage of the long integer in 4 bytes (32 bits) of memory, where one bit is typically reserved for the sign (positive or negative). The other 31 bits are used for representing the actual numerical value, which allows for this specific range of whole numbers.

In contrast, a short integer offers a smaller range, typically between -32,768 and 32,767, as it is stored in 2 bytes (16 bits). A float, which is a single-precision floating-point number, provides a different kind of representation and is suited for fractional values, thereby not conforming to the specified integer range. Similarly, a double is a double-precision floating-point number that can represent much larger numbers and supports a wider range of fractional values, but it does not fit within the confines of the given integer range either. These distinctions clarify why the correct answer pertains specifically to the long integer type.