Why is it necessary to translate a 3D representation of the Earth to a 2D plane?

Translating a 3D representation of the Earth to a 2D plane is essential for facilitating mapping and visualization. This process allows for the creation of maps that can be easily understood and interpreted by users. In a 2D format, complex 3D spatial relationships and features can be represented in a way that is more straightforward for analysis and communication. Maps provide a simplified view of geographic information, making it accessible to a broader audience. Without this translation, the intricate details of the Earth's surface—including heights, depths, and angles—would be challenging to convey effectively on traditional maps, which rely on two-dimensional presentations to represent spatial data. This is particularly important for tasks such as urban planning, navigation, and resource management, where clear visualization is crucial.

While improving data collection techniques and ensuring accurate representation of geographic data are significant aspects of GIS, they are secondary to the need for clear and accessible mapping and visualization, which is primarily achieved through the conversion from 3D to 2D.